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European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations
Kenya
© European Union, 2019 (photographer: Brian Inganga)
Kenya

Introduction

Kenya hosts nearly 800,000 refugees and asylum seekers. They are dependent on humanitarian assistance, even for their most basic needs.

Recurrent climatic shocks, crop pests and high prices for staple foods are key drivers of food insecurity in Kenya’s arid and semi-arid lands. Some 1.7 million  people are estimated to be acutely food insecure and over 760,000 children acutely malnourished. 

The EU is continuing its longstanding assistance to refugees in Kenya and is responding to disaster-related emergencies.

What are the needs?

Kenya has revised its intention to close all refugee camps by June 2022. The 2021 Refugee Act foresees a process that looks at converting camps into settlements. 

Meanwhile, refugees, mainly from Somalia, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, SudanEthiopia and Burundi , continue to arrive, including unaccompanied minors. They will most likely remain in Kenya, as, for most of them, there seems little prospect of safely returning home anytime soon. 

The registration of Somali asylum seekers had been put on hold since 2016. However, in early March 2023, the Government of Kenya resumed registration of undocumented individuals, including the newly-arrived refugees. As a result, the population of Dadaab increased with over 100,000, reaching 385,000 people.

Kenya: a day with new arrivals at the Dadaab refugee camp 02
Bishara Hassan, 30, tells us how they left their village en masse, with 5 other families. “Everyone left. We had not seen rain for 3 years, and there was no sign of rain coming. We were a group of about 25 people, and it took us 3 days to get here.”
©European Union, 2022 (photographer: Bertha Wangari)

Refugees cannot leave the camps due to the encampment policy, and their access to services and aid depends on international assistance.

After the devastating multi-year drought, the food security situation improved in 2023 and early 2024 thanks to better-performing rains and successful harvests across the arid and semi-arid lands. The number of acutely food insecure people went down from 4.4 million to around 1 million in the first half of the year.

Despite this improvement, pockets of acute food insecurity and high levels of malnutrition remain, and the situation is likely to deteriorate before the end of 2024, due to the high likelihood of severe rainfall deficits during the short rains season (October-November-December).

In early 2024, the seasonal long rains, aggravated by the El Niño phenomenon, brought heavy rainfall, which led to flash and riverine flooding across the country, affecting hundreds of thousands of people. 

Epidemic outbreaks remain a major concern, with a cholera outbreak ongoing since October 2022 and an increase in the numbers of malaria cases. 

Kenya country map

How are we helping?

For 2024, the EU has allocated €16 million in humanitarian funding for Kenya.

Over the years, the EU has maintained its humanitarian support for refugee operations in Kenya. EU humanitarian actions have helped:

  • secure safe, and dignified living conditions for refugees, including access to essential services like health and education,
  • build the resilience of refugees and host communities in the arid parts of Kenya, where refugee camps are situated,
  • support authorities in preparing for emergencies,
  • respond to food security emergencies for the most vulnerable people in arid and semi-arid lands. 

In the Kakuma and Dadaab refugee camps, the EU continues to support the provision of basic life-saving aid such as (i) food assistance; (ii) healthcare; (ii) nutritional assistance; (iv) water, sanitation and hygiene; (v) protection; and (vi) education.

EU humanitarian aid helps health facilities provide comprehensive services, including in-patient wards for refugee and host communities. It also provides clean water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene promotion to prevent illnesses. 

Care for survivors of sexual and gender-based violence and preventive work with communities in the camps are also provided. 

The EU contributes to the education of refugees and young people. We provide learning opportunities for more than 135,000 pupils enrolled in schools in the Dadaab and Kakuma camps.

The situation is worse for girls and other vulnerable learners, such as children with disabilities. They are often left behind in an increasingly resource-scarce educational environment. 

The EU supports education projects targeting children with disabilities and requires that at least 50% of the beneficiaries are girls.

Last updated: 30/09/2024

Facts & figures

Hosts nearly 800,000 refugees and asylum seekers (UNHCR)

1.7 million people require humanitarian assistance

Over 760,000 children aged 6 to 59 months need treatment for malnutrition

EU humanitarian funding: 
€16 million in 2024
More than €250 million since 2012