The political conflict in Western Sahara, unresolved for over 4 decades, has left thousands of Sahrawi refugees stranded.

Burkina Faso's complex and volatile crisis continues to deteriorate quickly and severely. The country is among the 10 poorest in the world. The internal conflict has intensified, spreading across all regions of the country.

Around 259,000 Burundian refugees remain displaced in neighbouring countries, with most of them having fled Burundi after contested elections and violence in 2015.

Cameroon is affected by 3 simultaneous and complex humanitarian crises: (i) in the country’s Far North (close to Lake Chad and Nigeria), (ii) in the Northwest and Southwest regions (where armed groups are fighting the government), and (iii) in the neighbouring Central African Republic.

Since the December 2020 presidential elections, the Central African Republic (CAR) is torn by violence opposing armed groups against government forces.

Chad is one of the poorest countries in the world, marked by low development, very limited availability of basic social services, and exposure to climate and environmental hazards.

Between conflict, poverty, malnutrition and frequent disease outbreaks, humanitarian needs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) are among the highest in the world.

Ethiopia has significant humanitarian needs due to an overlap of crises – conflict, inter-communal clashes, natural hazards, and epidemic outbreaks.

Kenya hosts over 560,000 refugees and asylum seekers. They are dependent on humanitarian assistance, even for their most basic needs.

Since 2011, intense conflict and political fragmentation have significantly impacted Libya’s social fabric, basic services, and national infrastructure.

Madagascar experienced its worst drought in 40 years in 2021. The food security situation is deteriorating due to the combined effects of (i) drought, (ii) low agricultural productivity, (iii) the impact of COVID-19, (iv) a lack of essential food staples in the market, and (v) cyclones both in 2022.

A complex crisis is affecting Mali, driven by conflict and insecurity, triggering (i) large-scale population displacements, (ii) socio-political instability, (iii) climate shocks and epidemics, and (iv) unprecedented levels of food and nutrition insecurity.

Bridging the Arab Maghreb and the Sahel region, Mauritania is one of the poorest countries in the world. For several years, rainfall deficits have caused a significant drop in agricultural and pastoral resources.

The humanitarian situation in Mozambique’s Northern Province of Cabo Delgado continues to deteriorate. An escalation of violence has internally displaced over 1 million people. At least 2 million people are estimated to require immediate humanitarian assistance and protection.

Niger continues to suffer significant humanitarian needs due to conflicts, displacement, food insecurity, child malnutrition, and epidemics.

In Northeast Nigeria, 8.4 million people require humanitarian aid. According to the latest Cadre Harmonisé projections, 4.4 million people there could struggle to find enough food during the lean season (June-August 2023) without humanitarian assistance, which is 25% higher than a year ago.

Humanitarian needs in the Sahel continue to be on the rise due to the combined effect of increasingly violent conflicts, deep poverty, climate change, and unprecedented food insecurity and malnutrition.

For decades, Somalia has suffered from prolonged conflict and extreme weather, including recurrent droughts and floods.

It is estimated that 72% of South Sudan’s population requires urgent humanitarian assistance in 2022.

Extreme weather events occur regularly in the Southern Africa and Indian Ocean region. They are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change.